![]() If you need a charge in a hurry (especially important when on the road), high current and voltage are needed. In the case of a LEAF, a dead 24kWh battery charging at a Level 2, 30A rate (30A x 230V = 6.9kW) will take about four hours to recharge. When you consider the battery pack size (16kWh for the Volt, 24kWh for the LEAF, 85kWh for the top-of-the-line Tesla Model S), it becomes readily apparent that with the maximum 50A, 230V outlet in most homes (the SAE Level 2 standard actually tops out at 63A), it will take a while to charge. J1772 combo connector (level-2 AC + DC fast-charge)ĭirect DC charging has one primary advantage: speed. Now that the SAE has added this, Audi, BMW, Daimler, Ford, General Motors, Porsche, and Volkswagen have all agreed to implement it as their direct DC charging standard. CHAdeMO is a consortium of Japanese automakers that was previously the only DC fast-charge standard. This has previously been done on a limited basis by certain manufacturers (such as by Nissan on the LEAF & Mitsubishi on the iMiEV). In this case the EVSE not only provides an AC connection to the vehicle but also a DC source. Recently added to the J1772 standard is DC fast-charging. In general, this doesn’t happen, as EV manufacturers appear to have all chosen to be compatible with the lowest available (13A) charge current (the Volt, LEAF, and other major supplied EVSEs that come with the vehicles only output this). The standard was designed so that if a vehicle requires more current than the EVSE can supply, the vehicle can then choose not to charge. The pilot tone is used by the EVSE to identify to the vehicle the maximum current that is available. ![]() The J1772 standard and connector provides Pilot and Proximity pins that allow for detection of the EVSE plug when connected (even if not live/charging). Most EVs and plug-in hybrids sold today are provided with some form of portable J1772 (Level 1) EVSE that can plug into the wall. ![]() Actual current usage is determined by the vehicle. “Level 1” indicates 120VAC charging (usually less than 16A), and “Level 2” indicates 240VAC charging (less than 32A). The original standard was written to provide for 80A charging at 240V, although most implementations are 30A or less. ![]()
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